Breast Cancer Risk and Genetic Testing: with Dr Versha Pleasant

Breast cancer is a major health issue, affecting 1 in 8 women in the U.S. Understanding risk factors and the role of genetics is crucial. Genetic testing, especially for mutations like BRCA, is a key tool in assessing risk.

Genetics and Breast Cancer

Mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 can greatly increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers. These can be inherited, making family history a critical part of risk assessment. "Genetic testing isn't just for the rich and famous," and is accessible to everyone who knows their risk and seeks medical advice.

Family Cancer History Matters

Family cancer history is a "window into someone's personal risk." It's important to document who had cancer, their age at diagnosis, and the type of cancer. Share this with healthcare providers to see if genetic counseling and testing are needed.

Risk Models for Breast Cancer

Risk models like GAIL and Claus help estimate lifetime breast cancer risk. They consider factors like family history and breast density. A risk of 20% or more means you might need more intensive screening.

Tackling Racial Disparities

Black women have a 40% higher chance of dying from breast cancer than white women, despite similar rates of getting it. This is partly due to more aggressive cancer types and healthcare access issues. Improving genetic testing access and community education is key to closing this gap.

The Genetic Testing Process

Genetic testing involves a risk assessment by a genetic counselor. It usually includes a saliva test, with results discussed to understand what they mean. Insurance often covers costs if criteria are met, but testing is available to anyone willing to pay.

Menopause and Breast Cancer

Menopause and breast cancer often overlap, as cancer treatments can trigger menopause. Hormone therapy, common for menopause symptoms, is usually not an option for breast cancer survivors. Non-hormonal options like SSRIs and gabapentin can help with symptoms like hot flashes.

Wrapping Up

Understanding breast cancer risk through genetic testing and family history is vital for early detection and prevention. Addressing racial disparities and improving access to genetic counseling can enhance outcomes for all women. "People just need to be aware of what their risk may be," and ongoing research and education are essential.